ODPP releases update on Gen Z protest files

By Newsflash Writer

NAIROBI, April 30, 2025 — The Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions (ODPP) has issued a detailed status report on a series of police misconduct files submitted by the Independent Policing Oversight Authority (IPOA) following the Gen Z-led protests that gripped Kenya in June 2024.

Since June 19, 2024, the ODPP has received multiple files from IPOA investigating deaths and injuries allegedly caused by police actions during the protests. In a press statement dated April 30, 2025, the ODPP outlined the actions taken on each case, ranging from inquests and ongoing investigations to case closures based on lack of evidence.

Among the high-profile cases is that of Dominic Wanjala Mutua, a journalist who was allegedly struck by a teargas canister fired at close range by a police officer while covering protests in Nairobi on June 18, 2024. The DPP has referred the file back to IPOA for further investigations, particularly to verify the authenticity of video footage purportedly showing the officer firing the canister.

The case involving Evans Kiratu Karobia, who died from multiple organ injuries reportedly sustained during protests on June 20, 2024, has been referred to a public inquest due to lack of eyewitnesses and the absence of gunshot wounds. The inquest (MCCR Inquest No. E008 of 2024), filed in August 2024, has heard testimony from one witness, with seven more scheduled to appear. The matter is set for mention on June 18, 2025.

In another widely followed case, Rex Kanyike Masai died from a gunshot wound to the thigh. Due to inconclusive CCTV footage and uncooperative key witnesses, the ODPP referred the matter to a public inquest (MCCR Inquest No. E015 of 2024). Eight witnesses have testified, and 12 more are expected. The hearings will resume on May 12 and 19, 2025.

Complexities in evidence and accountability

The shooting of Gianna Markel Obonyo, who was reportedly hit by a bullet while cycling within her parents’ compound on June 25, 2024, remains under review. The ODPP awaits a ballistics report, which was pending due to a delay in releasing the bullet from Kenyatta National Hospital.

The ODPP is also reviewing the case of Andrew Mwawasi, who was allegedly shot in Githurai 44. Further updates are expected once the file review is complete.

A file image of the June 2024 Gen Z protests in Nairobi. Photo/ X @Honeyfarsafi

Two cases were closed based on medical findings and lack of evidence linking police officers to the deaths. In the case of Tillan Odhiambo, the DPP followed IPOA’s recommendation to close the file after medical evidence failed to indicate foul play. Similarly, the file on Lewis Mroso was closed due to insufficient evidence and absence of eyewitnesses, though the Directorate of Criminal Investigations (DCI) was directed to open Inquest File No. 4 of 2004 for further inquiry.

The case of Sammy Cullen Maina, whose body was discovered on June 9, 2024, before the Gen Z protests began, was determined to be a result of a traffic accident. The file was closed with the directive that the matter be handled by regular police.

In another closed case, IPOA concluded that Frankline Ondwari died by suicide following his release from police custody. Allegations of police abduction could not be substantiated.

An unusual case involved the shooting of a police officer by another officer. After reviewing the file on Anthony Mwangi, the DPP directed that the case be subjected to a diversion process in line with ODPP policy. The office is awaiting feedback from IPOA and the Internal Affairs Unit on the outcome.

Call for public cooperation

The case of Emmanuel Giggs Tata, received in September 2024, was also closed due to lack of evidence implicating police officers. However, the ODPP stated that it is open to reviewing the file should new evidence arise.

In addressing the broader context of the Gen Z protests—particularly the events of June 25, 2024—the ODPP acknowledged that a strictly legal or prosecutorial approach may be insufficient. It emphasized the need for a “whole-of-society approach” to address the underlying issues that led to the unrest.

The DPP urged the public, especially those with information on any of the incidents, to come forward and assist IPOA by recording statements. Such cooperation, the ODPP said, is critical to determining the truth behind the injuries and deaths.

Finally, the ODPP reiterated its commitment to protecting victims and witnesses, and pledged continued collaboration with other government agencies to ensure accountability and justice.